Duolingo English Test対策|Interactive Listeningを攻略するポイント

Interactive Listeningってどうやって対策するの...?

そう思っている方も多いのではないでしょうか。

Interactive Listeningは、TOEFLやIELTSにはない問題形式です。

Duolingo English Testは対策情報が少なく、Interactive Listeningの対策情報もほとんど見つからないのが現状です。

そこで今回は「Interactive Listeningを攻略するポイント」を解説していきます。

Duolingo English Test|Interactive Listening問題

Interactive Listeningとは、会話形式のリスニングとライティングが融合した問題です。

主に「リスニング力とライティング力」が必要な問題ですが、解答するには「リーディング力」も必要になります。

リーディングもできないといけない理由は後述するので最後までご覧ください。

問題形式は下記の2種類があります。

  • Listen and Respond
  • Summarize the Conversation

Listen and Respond

Listen and Respondは、会話形式のリスニング問題です。

会話形式は「学生と教授の会話」と「2人の学生の会話」のパターンがあり、受験者はどちらも学生の立場で解答します。

会話内容は「教授への質問・相談」や「クラスメートへの相談」などがあります。

解答時間は5〜6問を4分間です。

測定されるサブスコアは、「Comprehension」と「Conversation」

Summarize the Conversation

Summarize the Conversationは、Listen and Respondで話した会話内容の要約を記述する問題です。

解答時間は75秒間です。

測定されるサブスコアは、4つ全てです。

「Literacy」「Comprehension」「Production」「Conversation」

Summarize the Conversation

問題例を確認

先述したように会話①〜⑤(⑥)を解答後、要約問題に移ります。

要約ができるよう会話の内容を把握しつつ解答していきましょう。

問題例①シナリオ把握

会話が始まる前に今回の問題シナリオが表示されます。

DET Bridge「Interactive Listening」Lesson1

【シナリオ】

You will participate in a conversation about the scenario below.​

You are a college student. You talk with a college student friend about whether you would prefer to get a degree in physics or chemistry.​

【シナリオ日本語訳】

あなたは以下のシナリオについての会話に参加します。​

あなたは大学生です。大学生の友人と、物理学と化学のどちらで学位を取りたいかについて話しています。

このシナリオでは、登場人物やどのような状況での会話かを把握しましょう!

シナリオが表示された時点で4分のタイマーがカウントされます。

問題②会話がスタート

DET Bridge「Interactive Listening」Lesson1

会話の始まりには2パターンあります。

  • 「自分」の発言から始まる場合
  • 「相手」の発言から始まる場合

今回は「自分」の発言から始まる場合です。

「自分」の発言から始まる場合

シナリオで読んだ内容から、表示された選択肢から適切な自分の発言を選び、会話を開始します。

「相手」の発言から始まる場合

シナリオを確認後、相手の発言を受験者が聞いてから会話が始まります。

そして、相手の発言に対しての自分の返答を選択肢から選びます。

もし選んだものが不正解だったとしても、次の会話が表示された時に正解の選択肢も表示されます。

TIPS

注意してほしいのは、相手の音声を聞けるのは1回のみです!

聞き逃さないように注意しましょう。

では今回のシナリオから、自分の適切な発言を選択肢して会話を始めてください。

会話①

You:【?】

【選択肢】

  1.  I've been torn between physics and chemistry lately, which do you think is better?
  2.  What should I major in to become a teacher?
  3.  I think taking math would be better for my future, what do you think?
  4.  Have you ever wondered about your major?

【解答】

  1. I've been torn between physics and chemistry lately, which do you think is better?

最近物理学と化学で迷ってるんだけど、どっちがいいと思う?​

次に自分の発言に対する相手の返答が返ってきます。

※最初の自分の選択が間違っていた場合、正解の選択肢が自動で選択されます。

会話②

相手の返答を聞いて、再度適切な返答を選択肢から選びましょう。

DET Bridge「Interactive Listening」Lesson1

You:I've been torn between physics and chemistry lately, which do you think is better?

Friend:【音声再生:https://youtu.be/m-TiE2AD5pI

You:【?】

【選択肢】

  1.  I've actually been interested in math and science since I was a little kid.
  2.  For the past few years I have been interested in physics and science.
  3.  I'm more interested in history these days than in physics and science.
  4.  I'm interested in physics, where I can learn big concepts like quantum mechanics, but I'm also interested in chemistry, where I can learn about molecular structure.

【解答】

4. I'm interested in physics, where I can learn big concepts like quantum mechanics, but I'm also interested in chemistry, where I can learn about molecular structure.

量子力学のような大きな概念を学べる物理学にも興味があるが、分子構造を学べる化学にも興味がある。

会話③

この繰り返しです。

再度相手の返答を聞いて、適切な返答を選択肢から選びましょう。

DET Bridge「Interactive Listening」Lesson1

You:I've been torn between physics and chemistry lately, which do you think is better?

Friend:They both sound interesting, but which one interests you more?

You:I'm interested in physics, where I can learn big concepts like quantum mechanics, but I'm also interested in chemistry, where I can learn about molecular structure.

Friend:【音声再生:https://youtu.be/tnNpsGPEMPE

You:【?】

【選択肢】

  1.  That's right. Physics might be more theoretical and mathematical, but chemistry is more experimental.
  2.  That's right. Chemistry is what many of my friends are majoring in.
  3.  That's right. Did you learn anything from reading?
  4.  That's right. I might be doing something else in the future.

【解答】

1. That's right. Physics might be more theoretical and mathematical, but chemistry is more experimental.

その通りだ。物理学はより理論的で数学的かもしれませんが、化学はより実験的です。

会話④

DET Bridge「Interactive Listening」Lesson1

You:I've been torn between physics and chemistry lately, which do you think is better?

Friend:They both sound interesting, but which one interests you more?

You:I'm interested in physics, where I can learn big concepts like quantum mechanics, but I'm also interested in chemistry, where I can learn about molecular structure.

 Friend:Indeed, both are interesting fields. But I think you should choose according to what you want to do in the future.

You:That's right. Physics might be more theoretical and mathematical, but chemistry is more experimental.

Friend:【音声再生:https://youtu.be/R3U4BloRD1Y

You:【?】

【選択肢】

  1.  You're spot on. The beauty of pursuing degrees in physics and chemistry lies in their applicability across various sectors.
  2.  That is correct. Both are attractive in terms of expanding my career options, but I have to consider which is the best choice for me in terms of your future career goals.
  3.  Absolutely, the intersection of physics and chemistry opens doors to an exciting array of career possibilities.
  4.  Whether it's pushing the boundaries of scientific knowledge or innovating in industrial applications, there's something for everyone.

【解答】

2. That is correct. Both are attractive in terms of expanding my career options, but I have to consider which is the best choice for me in terms of your future career goals.

その通りです。どちらもキャリアの選択肢を広げるという点では魅力的ですが、将来のキャリアの目標という点では、どちらが自分にとってベストな選択なのかを考えなければなりません。

会話⑤

DET Bridge「Interactive Listening」Lesson1

You:I've been torn between physics and chemistry lately, which do you think is better?

Friend:They both sound interesting, but which one interests you more?

You:I'm interested in physics, where I can learn big concepts like quantum mechanics, but I'm also interested in chemistry, where I can learn about molecular structure.

 Friend:Indeed, both are interesting fields. But I think you should choose according to what you want to do in the future.

You:That's right. Physics might be more theoretical and mathematical, but chemistry is more experimental.

Friend:Yes, that's true. With a physics degree, you can have a career as a researcher or engineer, and with a chemistry degree, you can have a career in the pharma industry or the materials science industry.

You:That is correct. Both are attractive in terms of expanding my career options, but I have to consider which is the best choice for me in terms of your future career goals.

Friend:【音声再生:https://youtu.be/GqntxQZGvy4

You:【?】

【選択肢】

  1.  I understand today's lesson, thank you for sharing it with me!
  2.  Thanks for your valuable opinion! It was helpful.
  3.  Thank you for inviting me, it was a pleasure!

 【解答】

2. Thanks for your valuable opinion! It was helpful.

貴重なご意見ありがとう!参考になりました。

Listen and Respondは以上です。

上記の問題を4分で解答していきます。

次のSummarize the Conversationは、会話内容の要約です。

Listen and Respondの注意点

Summarize the Conversationに移ると会話内容を確認することができません。

そのため、Listen and Respondで時間が余った場合は、会話内容を再度見直して内容を把握するようにしましょう。

Summarize the Conversation(要約問題)

DET Bridge「Interactive Listening」Lesson1

【回答例】

I asked my friend whether a degree in chemistry or physics is better. My friend said that I should choose depending on my career goals and listed several career paths for both chemistry and physics but didn’t persuade me to lean towards one or the other.

【日本語訳】

私は友人に、化学と物理のどちらの学位が良いか尋ねました。

友人は、自分のキャリア目標によって選ぶべきだと言い、化学と物理の両方のキャリアパスをいくつか挙げてくれましたが、どちらか一方に傾くよう説得しませんでした。​

Interactive Listening対策

Interactive Listeningを対策する上では下記を実践してみましょう。

  1. 練習問題で問題に慣れる
  2. シャドーイングでリスニング強化
  3. 要約力を鍛える
  4. 語彙力・文法力を身につける

練習問題で問題形式に慣れる

先述した問題解説を見ていただくとわかると思いますが、他の4技能試験であるTOEFLやIELTSにはない問題形式です。

そのため練習問題をたくさん解いて、問題に慣れることでスコアアップが期待できます。

Duolingo English Testの練習問題を解く方法は、下記をおすすめします。

・Duolingo English Test公式の練習問題

DET Bridgeのパート別練習問題

Duolingo English Test公式の練習問題

Duolingo English Testの公式ホームページで、無料の練習問題を解くことができます。

本番の試験より短い45分のテストで、本番と同じ出題形式に取り組むことができます。予想スコアを確認できますが、自分の答案を見直すことはできないので注意が必要です。

画像出典:https://englishtest.duolingo.com/practice

DET Bridgeのパート別練習問題

DET Bridgeは、日本語解説が付いたDuolingo English Test対策Webアプリです。

先述した問題解説で提示した問題も「DET Bridge」から引用しています。

模擬試験はありませんが、パート別で練習問題を解くことができます。

また1問ごとの制限時間は本番と同じ時間で設定されているので、時間感覚を掴みながらパート別に練習することが可能です。

シャドーイングでリスニング強化

シャドーイングとは、英語を聞きながら、聞こえた英語を真似して発音することです。

シャドーイングでは、次のような効果が期待できます。

・英語特有の発音、イントネーション、アクセント、息継ぎなどを習得できる

・英語の聞き方や話し方のコツが自然と身につく

・リスニングとスピーキングの両方を鍛えることができる

具体的な方法としては、「TED」を活用するといいです。

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TEDは、様々な分野の専門家によるスピーチ動画を視聴できるサービスです。

TED内の興味のある10分程度の動画を選択し実践しましょう。

TEDにはスクリプトがあるので、最初はスクリプトを見つつ繰り返し練習していきます。

最終的には、話ながら内容を理解できるようになりましょう。

講師陣が学生の頃、通学時間で毎日30分程度取り組み、効果を実感しています。

また「DET Bridge」の解答には、英語の音声ファイルもあるため問題を解きつつ、音声再生時にシャドーイングに活用することも可能です。

要約力を鍛える

Interactive Listeningの「Summarize the Conversation」は75秒という短い時間の中で、会話を要約する必要があります。

日本語だったとしても、要約に慣れていないと苦手意識のある方が多いのではないでしょうか。

要約に苦手意識のある方向けに「要約」について解説します。

そもそも要約とは、文章(今回であれば会話)の要点である重要な部分をまとめて、短く表現することです。

「つまりどういうことか」を考える作業です。

要約のポイントは下記になります。

  • 元の文章をそのまま使わない
  • 全体像を把握して自分の言葉でまとめる
  • 長くなってしまう場合は情報を抽象化する
  • キーワードをきちんと含める

上記を意識して練習していきましょう。

Summarize the Conversationのポイント

Listen and Respond(リスニング)問題を順調に解答できれば、10〜20秒くらいは時間が余ると思います。

その余った時間で、「今回の会話はどういう内容だったのか」を頭の中で組み立てておくことで、次の要約でスムーズに解答ができます。

要約問題の難易度を上げている点の1つに、要約問題に移ると、「前の会話の内容 (Listen and Respond)には戻れない」ということがあります。

そのためにも上記のような時間の使い方を意識して取り組んでみましょう。

では今回の問題例を提示してポイントを解説していきます。

【会話内容】

You: I've been torn between physics and chemistry lately, which do you think is better?​

あなた:最近物理学と化学で迷ってるんだけど、どっちがいいと思う?

Friend: They both sound interesting, but which one interests you more?​

友人:どっちも面白そうだけど、どっちが興味あるの?​

You: I'm interested in physics because I can learn big concepts like quantum mechanics. But I'm also interested in chemistry because I can study molecular structures.​

あなた:物理学に興味があるんだけど、なぜかというと量子力学のような大きな概念を学べるから。でも、分子構造を学べるから化学にも興味があるんだよ。​

Friend: Indeed, both are interesting fields. But I think you should choose according to what you want to do in the future.​

友人: 確かに、どちらも興味深い分野だね。でも、将来何をしたいかによって選んだ方がいいと思うよ。​

You: That's right. Physics might be more theoretical and mathematical, but chemistry is more experimental.​

あなた:そうだね。物理学の方が理論的で数学的かもしれないけど、化学の方が実験的だよね。​

Friend: Yes, that's true. With a physics degree, you can have a career as a researcher or engineer, and with a chemistry degree, you can have a career in the pharma industry or the materials science industry.​

友人:そうだね。物理の学位があれば、研究者やエンジニアとしてキャリアを積むことができるし、化学の学位があれば、製薬業界や材料科学業界でキャリアを積むことができる。​

You: That is correct. Both are attractive in terms of expanding your career options, but you have to consider which is the best choice for you in terms of your future career goals.​

あなた:その通りだね。どちらもキャリアの選択肢を広げるという点では魅力的だけど、将来のキャリアの目標から見て、どちらが自分にとってベストな選択かを考える必要があるね。

Friend: I agree. It is important to choose carefully according to your interests and future goals. Whichever you choose, I believe you will do your best and succeed.​

友人:そうだね。自分の興味や将来の目標に合わせて慎重に選ぶことが大切だ。どちらを選んでも、あなたはベストを尽くして成功すると思うよ。​

You: Thanks for your valuable opinion! It was helpful.

貴重な意見をありがとう!参考になったよ。

今回の会話内容を見て重要な箇所を見抜く必要があります。

会話から下記の内容がわかります。

【自分】

友人に物理学と化学の選択でどちらがいいか尋ねた。

【友人】

化学と物理の両方のキャリアパスを挙げた。

自分のキャリア目標によって選ぶべき。

物理学と化学のどちらがいいとは限定しなかった。

友人の「物理の学位があれば、研究者やエンジニアとしてキャリアを積むことができる」などの具体例は要約では不要です。

「化学と物理の両方のキャリアパスを挙げてくれた」と抽象度をあげて答えましょう。

上記から文章を考えて下記になります。

【回答例】

I asked my friend whether a degree in chemistry or physics is better.

My friend said that I should choose depending on my career goals and listed several career paths for both chemistry and physics but didn’t persuade me to lean towards one or the other.

【日本語訳】

私は友人に、化学と物理のどちらの学位が良いか尋ねました。

友人は、自分のキャリア目標によって選ぶべきだと言い、化学と物理の両方のキャリアパスをいくつか挙げてくれましたが、どちらか一方に傾くよう説得しませんでした。​

要約を考えている時点で、ある程度英語の文章化を考えておかないと75秒で書くことは難しいです。

ライティングは慣れも必要なので、何度も練習しましょう!

自分の英文が正しいのかは添削をしてもらうことが有効です。

Duolingo English Test対策アプリ「DET Bridge」ではライティング問題に英文AI添削を導入しています。

あなたの英文を添削して、よりスコアアップできる表現や間違いを指摘してくれます。

ライティング力を付けたい人は下記から詳細をご覧ください。

語彙力・文法力を身につける

Interactive Listeningでは、リスニング力はもちろん重要ですが、基本となる語彙力・文法力も同時に必要です。

語彙力・文法力が重要な理由としては下記です。

・知らない単語は聞き取れないため

・会話の英文を読解し内容を把握するため

・要約時の表現方法を増やすため

知らない単語は聞き取れないため

当たり前ですが知らない単語は聞き取れません。

持っている単語帳は繰り返し学習し覚えていきましょう。その際に発音も一緒に学習するとリスニング対策になります。

「DET Bridge」講師陣がおすすめしている単語帳は英検対策用の「でる順  パス単」です。

目標とするスコアに合わせて単語帳のレベルを変えていきましょう。

会話の英文を読解し内容を把握するため

冒頭でInteractive Listeningは、リスニング・ライティング以外にもリーディング力必要だとお伝えしました。

そもそも英文の読解ができなければ適切な選択肢を選ぶことはできません。

またListen and Respondの問題では、会話①で間違えてしまったとしても、次の問題で会話①の正解を確認することができます。

要約問題のため会話内容を把握する必要があるので、間違えた箇所の英文読解は必要です。

読解に必要な語彙・文法の学習もしていきましょう。

要約時の表現方法を増やすため

Listen and Respondでの会話内容を要約して記述する必要があるので、会話内容の要点を短く伝えられるよう様々な語彙・文法を覚えておく必要があります。

下記の記事ではライティング問題で活用できる単語・フレーズをまとめています。

ぜひ今回の記事と合わせてご覧ください。

Duolingo English Testで使える単語・フレーズ集|ライティング・スピーキング対策

ライティングやスピーキングで使いやすい単語やフレーズを知っておくことで、より問題を解きやすくなることをご存知でしょうか。 Duolingo English Testには、「表示され…

まとめ

今回は、Interactive Listeningを攻略するための対策方法をご紹介しました!

Interactive Listeningの対策方法は以下の4つです!

  1. 練習問題で問題に慣れる
  2. シャドーイングでリスニング強化
  3. 要約力を鍛える
  4. 語彙力・文法力を身につける

Interactive ListeningはDuolingo English Test特有の問題なので、問題に慣れるためにもたくさんの問題を解いて慣れることが重要です。

今回紹介した対策方法を参考にしていただき、練習を重ねましょう。

DET Bridgeは類似問題をパート別で学習することができるので、試験対策に活用してみてはいかがでしょうか。